Hughes J E, Amyx H, Howard J L, Nanry K P, Pollard G T
Division of Pharmacology, Burroughs Wellcome Co., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Lab Anim Sci. 1994 Apr;44(2):135-40.
The objectives were to determine the degree of water restriction necessary and sufficient to motivate operant behavior in rat and the physiologic and general health effects of chronic daily water restriction. Ovariectomized Long-Evans rats were deprived of water for 21, 14, or 7 h per day and allowed to press a lever to earn a drop of water. The 21-h group acquired the response, but the 14-h and 7-h groups did not. Once the response was acquired, all three restriction levels supported lever pressing, but the lower levels supported lower rates. After 3 months on the restriction schedules, there were no differences from similarly restricted nonbehavioral subjects or ad-libitum controls in growth rate (except for early transient weight loss), appearance of organs and tissues at gross necropsy, hematologic examination, or clinical chemical analysis. The results demonstrate the necessity and safety of the 21-h restriction schedule for behavioral work.
目的是确定激发大鼠操作性行为所需且足够的水限制程度，以及慢性每日水限制对生理和总体健康的影响。对卵巢切除的长 Evans 大鼠每天进行 21 小时、14 小时或 7 小时的水剥夺，并让它们按压杠杆以获取一滴水。21 小时组学会了该反应，但 14 小时组和 7 小时组未学会。一旦学会该反应，所有三个限制水平都能维持杠杆按压，但较低水平维持的反应率较低。在限制方案实施 3 个月后，与同样受到限制的非行为学实验对象或自由进食对照组相比，在生长速率（除了早期短暂体重减轻）、大体尸检时器官和组织的外观、血液学检查或临床化学分析方面均无差异。结果表明，21 小时限制方案对于行为学研究是必要且安全的。
