Kirkpatrick B A, Washburn J O, Engelhard E K, Volkman L E
Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley 94720.
Virology. 1994 Aug 15;203(1):184-6. doi: 10.1006/viro.1994.1472.
Previously we found that Autographa californica M nuclear polyhedrosis virus infections initiated in the midguts of insect hosts are disseminated within the hosts via tracheae, elements composing the insect respiratory system. Herein we report that infection of tracheae also can be initiated directly via the spiracles, exterior openings of the tracheal system to the atmosphere. Infections were initiated both by direct application of viral inoculum to the spiracles and by aerosol. Infections established by both these methods appeared to advance much more rapidly than infections established by the oral route, and a host highly refractory to infection orally was easily susceptible to direct tracheal infection. These findings are important for continuing efforts to improve the use of baculoviruses as pest control agents; they also establish the possibility that direct tracheal infection via aerosol may facilitate horizontal transmission of baculoviruses during natural epizootics.
此前我们发现，在昆虫宿主中肠引发的苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒感染，会通过气管（构成昆虫呼吸系统的组成部分）在宿主体内传播。在此我们报告，气管感染也可直接通过气门（气管系统通向大气的外部开口）引发。通过将病毒接种物直接应用于气门以及通过气溶胶都能引发感染。通过这两种方法建立的感染似乎比经口途径建立的感染进展要快得多，并且对口服感染具有高度抗性的宿主很容易受到气管直接感染。这些发现对于持续努力改进杆状病毒作为害虫防治剂的应用很重要；它们还确立了通过气溶胶进行气管直接感染可能促进杆状病毒在自然流行病期间水平传播的可能性。
