Rigamonti D, Saleh J, Liu A M, Hsu F P, Mergner W J, Humphrey J D
Division of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287.
Pathobiology. 1994;62(1):8-13. doi: 10.1159/000163872.
There is a limited understanding of the pathogenesis of dolichoectatic (dolicho = long; ectatic = dilated) aneurysms of elastic arteries. Therefore, we developed a model of dolichoectatic changes in elastic arteries by injecting porcine elastase into the media of the carotid artery of male New Zealand white rabbits. After 3 months, gross examination of the carotid arteries in vivo revealed dilated and tortuous vessels. The carotid arteries were then harvested, and cross-sections of the vessels were stained by the Verhoff-van Giesson stain. Histologically, the internal elastic lamina was dissolved in the most dilated areas. The elastic lamellae of the media were also digested and there was reorientation of the innermost medial smooth muscle layer. These gross and histologic changes were present in 80% of the treated carotid arteries and in none of the contralateral control vessels. Our study suggests the importance of the elastic lamellae for the maintenance of tubular shape and length of the carotid artery and describes a new chronic animal model of dolichoectatic aneurysm of the common carotid artery.
目前对弹性动脉的迂曲扩张性（dolicho = 长；ectatic = 扩张）动脉瘤的发病机制了解有限。因此，我们通过向雄性新西兰白兔的颈动脉中膜注射猪弹性蛋白酶，建立了弹性动脉迂曲扩张变化的模型。3个月后，对体内颈动脉进行大体检查，发现血管扩张且迂曲。然后采集颈动脉，血管横断面用Verhoff-van Giesson染色法染色。组织学检查显示，在扩张最明显的区域内弹性膜溶解。中膜的弹性板也被消化，最内侧的中膜平滑肌层出现重新排列。这些大体和组织学变化在80%的治疗侧颈动脉中出现，而对侧对照血管中均未出现。我们的研究表明弹性板对于维持颈动脉的管状形态和长度很重要，并描述了一种新的颈总动脉迂曲扩张性动脉瘤的慢性动物模型。
