Hyytiäinen K
Turku Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.
Occup Med (Lond). 1994 May;44(2):83-6. doi: 10.1093/occmed/44.2.83.
The attitudes of employees in the metal industry towards possibilities for preventing the occurrence of low back pain were studied. Of 170 clerical employees and 504 manual workers, 86 per cent (n = 146) and 63 per cent (n = 315), respectively, responded to the questionnaire. Opinions were positive in both groups, even among those who reported experience of recurrent or continuous low back pain. Measures requiring their own activity, such as daily training of back and abdominal muscles, straightening the back during awkward postures, increasing physical exercise during leisure time, and increased information about the structure and loading of the back, were considered effective more often than measures involving changes at work or passive rehabilitation. Attitudes towards possibilities for promoting health in general by their own behaviour were more positive among the clerical employees than the manual workers. The attitudes became more negative with increasing age, as well as with reported experience of low back pain in both groups. Thus, it is important that an active approach is taken in occupational health care to motivate subjects to take action themselves in the prevention of low back pain at a younger age, and, at the latest, when the first episodes of low back pain occur.
对金属行业员工预防腰痛可能性的态度进行了研究。在170名文职员工和504名体力劳动者中，分别有86%（n = 146）和63%（n = 315）回复了问卷。两组的意见都是积极的，即使是那些报告有反复或持续腰痛经历的人。那些需要自身行动的措施，如日常锻炼背部和腹部肌肉、在别扭姿势时挺直背部、在休闲时间增加体育锻炼以及增加有关背部结构和负荷的信息，比那些涉及工作变更或被动康复的措施更常被认为是有效的。文职员工对通过自身行为促进总体健康可能性的态度比体力劳动者更为积极。随着年龄增长以及两组中报告有腰痛经历，态度会变得更加消极。因此，职业卫生保健采取积极方法激励受试者在年轻时，最迟在首次出现腰痛时就自行采取行动预防腰痛是很重要的。
