Oleske Denise M, Lavender Steven A, Andersson Gunnar B J, Kwasny Mary Morrissey
Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Sep 1;32(19):2050-7. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181453fcc.
Randomized clinical trial.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a back support plus education versus education alone in promoting recovery from a work-related low back disorder (WR-LBD) while simultaneously considering personal, health, and occupational factors and the impact of occupational factors on recovery.
No randomized studies of active industrial workers with low back disorders exist regarding the effectiveness of back supports plus education.
A total of 433 actively employed hourly union workers who had a recent diagnosis of a WR-LBD: 1) those who wore a specially designed back support plus received education on back health; and 2) those who received education on back health only. Demographic, health, medical, and occupational factors were obtained through interview or abstraction of computer files; individual ergonomic exposures were measured with a lumbar motion monitor. Outcomes evaluated over a 12-month period included: self-reported measures of back pain, back pain disability level, physical health, mental health, and administrative measures of recurrence, lost work time, and medical care utilization.
There was no difference between the study groups with respect to mental or physical health, low back pain, back pain disability, neurogenic symptoms, lost work time, likelihood of recurrence of an episode of a back disorder, or other administrative measures of healthcare utilization or lost work time. However, significant decreases in low back pain, low back pain disability, neurogenic symptoms, and an increase in physical health were observed over the 12 months of observation in both study groups. The only occupational variable found to influence was plant group whereby service parts operations workers in the back support plus education group experienced a lower likelihood of WR-LBD recurrence.
Although there was no overall effect on self-reported recovery or administrative measures or lost work time between the study groups, a back support plus health education may have some value in preventing recurrent WR-LBD in industrial workers who work in psychosocial environments and perform manual material handling tasks similar to those found in parts distribution centers.
随机临床试验。
评估背托加教育与单纯教育相比，在促进与工作相关的下背部疾病（WR-LBD）康复方面的有效性，同时考虑个人、健康和职业因素以及职业因素对康复的影响。
目前尚无关于背托加教育对患有下背部疾病的在职产业工人有效性的随机研究。
共有433名最近被诊断患有WR-LBD的在职小时工工会成员：1）佩戴专门设计的背托并接受背部健康教育的人员；2）仅接受背部健康教育的人员。通过访谈或提取计算机文件获取人口统计学、健康、医学和职业因素；使用腰部运动监测仪测量个体的人体工程学暴露情况。在12个月期间评估的结果包括：背痛的自我报告测量、背痛残疾水平、身体健康、心理健康以及复发、误工时间和医疗保健利用的管理措施。
研究组在心理健康或身体健康、下背痛、背痛残疾、神经源性症状、误工时间、背部疾病发作复发的可能性或其他医疗保健利用或误工时间的管理措施方面没有差异。然而，在两个研究组的12个月观察期内，均观察到下背痛、下背痛残疾、神经源性症状显著减轻，身体健康有所改善。发现唯一有影响的职业变量是工厂组，即背托加教育组的服务零部件操作工人WR-LBD复发的可能性较低。
尽管研究组之间在自我报告的康复情况、管理措施或误工时间方面没有总体影响，但背托加健康教育可能对在社会心理环境中工作且执行类似于零部件配送中心的手工物料搬运任务的产业工人预防复发性WR-LBD有一定价值。
