Herin P, Aperia A
Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 1994 Apr;6(2):154-7. doi: 10.1097/00008480-199404000-00005.
Numerous clinical studies during the past two decades have indicated that kidney function and regulation of electrolyte and fluid balance undergo profound changes in the neonatal period. The genetic mechanisms behind these developmental changes have recently been the topic for many investigations and has led to the identification of factors, reviewed here, that seem to be of extraordinary importance for the induction of kidney differentiation and maturation. For a long time it has been debated whether immaturity of renal function might have any clinical consequences. It now seems clear that at least one aspect of renal immaturity, namely the high urinary sodium excretion in preterm infants, which often results in negative sodium balance, should be paid more attention to because it might interfere with growth. Two recent review articles discuss this issue. The profound changes in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis that occur in the neonatal period, involves most tissues. This is exemplified with some recent exciting studies on the changes in ion transport that occur in the lung around birth.
在过去二十年中，众多临床研究表明，新生儿期肾脏功能以及电解质和液体平衡的调节会发生深刻变化。这些发育变化背后的遗传机制最近成为许多研究的主题，并已确定了一些因素，本文将对这些因素进行综述，它们似乎对诱导肾脏分化和成熟极为重要。长期以来，人们一直在争论肾功能不成熟是否会产生任何临床后果。现在看来很明显，至少肾脏不成熟的一个方面，即早产儿尿钠排泄量高，这常常导致负钠平衡，应该得到更多关注，因为它可能会干扰生长。最近的两篇综述文章讨论了这个问题。新生儿期发生的液体和电解质稳态的深刻变化涉及大多数组织。这可以通过最近一些关于出生前后肺部离子转运变化的令人兴奋的研究得到例证。
