De Wilde E J, Kienhorst C W, Diekstra R F, Wolters W H
Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Adolescence. 1994 Spring;29(113):49-60.
Differences in social support, behavioral characteristics and life events between four groups of adolescents were investigated, one group consisting of suicide attempters and depressed adolescents showing problematic psychological scores and high risk for attempting suicide, and three other groups with lower risk and other (combinations of) psychological characteristics. The high-risk group distinguished itself from the psychologically most "normal" group by reporting less support and understanding from siblings and relations outside the family, more changes in living situation (life-time), more changes in caretaker and physical abuse during childhood, more changes in living situation and sexual abuse during adolescence, and more siblings leaving home during the preceding year. On a behavioral level, they reported consuming more alcohol and running away more often. The only exception to this was support and understanding from other relations: high-risk adolescents experienced more, especially in the last year. A possible explanation is that these subjects, due to the turmoil in their families, relied more on persons outside their families. Differences between the high-risk group and the other two groups are described in terms of the relation between the dependent variables and the psychological characteristics. Implications for assessments in emergency rooms is discussed.
对四组青少年的社会支持、行为特征和生活事件差异进行了调查，一组由自杀未遂者和抑郁青少年组成，他们的心理得分存在问题且有较高的自杀未遂风险，另外三组风险较低且具有其他心理特征。高风险组与心理上最“正常”的组的区别在于，他们报告称从兄弟姐妹和家庭以外的亲属那里得到的支持和理解较少，童年时期生活状况变化更多（一生），照顾者变化更多且遭受身体虐待，青春期生活状况变化更多且遭受性虐待，以及在前一年有更多兄弟姐妹离家。在行为层面，他们报告饮酒更多且逃跑更频繁。唯一的例外是来自其他亲属的支持和理解：高风险青少年得到的更多，尤其是在过去一年。一种可能的解释是，这些受试者由于家庭动荡，更多地依赖家庭以外的人。根据因变量与心理特征之间的关系描述了高风险组与其他两组之间的差异。讨论了对急诊室评估的影响。
