Todd D A, Kennedy J, Roberts S, Watts J, Psaila K, John E
Department of Perinatal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales.
Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1994 Feb;22(1):19-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.1994.tb01690.x.
From January 1986 to December 1991 we examined the eyes of 206 infants born at Westmead Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit who were less than 29 weeks' gestation at birth to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity. Eighty-five infants (41.3%) had no retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in either eye, 82 infants had stages 1 or 2 ROP (39.8%), 29 had stage 3 ROP (14.1%) and 11 had stage 4 ROP (5.3%). Of these, cryotherapy was performed in 18; six now have bilateral retinal detachment and are blind. The more severe stages of ROP were significantly associated with an increase in the number of days of oxygen supplementation, an increase in the number of days of mechanical ventilation and the presence of patent ductus arteriosus. Infants receiving steroids for mechanical ventilator dependence had a significantly greater chance of requiring cryotherapy (11 or 22 receiving steroids versus seven of 43 without steroids; P < 0.01).
1986年1月至1991年12月期间，我们对在韦斯特米德医院新生儿重症监护病房出生的206名婴儿进行了眼部检查，这些婴儿出生时孕周不足29周，以确定早产儿视网膜病变的发病率。85名婴儿（41.3%）双眼均无早产儿视网膜病变（ROP），82名婴儿患有1期或2期ROP（39.8%），29名患有3期ROP（14.1%），11名患有4期ROP（5.3%）。其中，18名婴儿接受了冷冻疗法；6名现在患有双侧视网膜脱离且失明。ROP较严重阶段与吸氧天数增加、机械通气天数增加以及动脉导管未闭显著相关。因机械通气依赖而接受类固醇治疗的婴儿需要接受冷冻疗法的可能性显著更高（接受类固醇治疗的22名婴儿中有11名，未接受类固醇治疗的43名婴儿中有7名；P<0.01）。
