Moulton L H, Foxman B, Wolfe R A, Port F K
Department of International Health and Biostatistics, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205.
Epidemiology. 1994 May;5(3):297-301. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199405000-00007.
There have been many advances in the mapping of disease mortality and morbidity rates in recent years. An increasingly common approach is to calculate "stabilized" rates for individual geographic areas by incorporating information from the entire set of data. One such method, adopted by the Environmental Protection Agency [corrected] for its mortality maps, is described and applied to national end-stage renal disease data. Some possible difficulties in interpretation are noted, resulting from: (1) insufficient shrinkage, (2) highly skewed rate distributions, (3) different denominator distributions, and (4) variations in population density.
近年来，在疾病死亡率和发病率的地图绘制方面取得了许多进展。一种越来越常见的方法是通过纳入整个数据集的信息来计算各个地理区域的“稳定”率。环境保护局[更正后]在其死亡率地图中采用的一种此类方法将被描述并应用于国家终末期肾病数据。文中指出了一些在解释时可能遇到的困难，这些困难源于：（1）收缩不足，（2）率分布高度偏态，（3）分母分布不同，以及（4）人口密度变化。
