Frazin L J, Vonesh M J, Yaacoub A S, Kane B J, Greene R, Kemper W S, Guberek M, McPherson D D
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1994 May;32(1):62-9. doi: 10.1002/ccd.1810320115.
The objective of this research was to determine if the ultrasound emissions of the Doppler catheter can be used to locate its position in 3 dimensions by conventional echocardiography. A Doppler catheter has previously been shown to permit nonfluoroscopic retrograde catheterization of the aortic root and left ventricular chamber by using velocity waveform polarity for directional guidance. A significant difficulty in providing ultrasound catheter guidance, however, has been the inability to recognize the Doppler catheter tip, because each point at which a flexible catheter crosses the image plane can be misinterpreted as the catheter tip. Initial in vitro water bath trials were performed using the Doppler catheter attached to a standard velocimeter. Using a 5 MHz imaging transducer and color Doppler methods, the presence or absence of a banded color pattern which could demarcate the Doppler catheter tip was recorded at various angles in and out of the scanning plane. Using Doppler retrograde guidance and transesophageal echocardiography, color Doppler banded patterns, which could identify the Doppler catheter tip, were investigated in the dog aorta. In order to understand the physical mechanisms involved, a series of water bath trials were then conducted using the Doppler catheter attached to a velocimeter which was synchronized to the echo machine. Initial nonsynchronized water bath trials revealed distinct banded color patterns demarcating the Doppler catheter tip when it pointed in any direction within the beam width, except for a 40 degrees blind cone directly away from the imaging transducer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究的目的是确定多普勒导管的超声发射是否可通过传统超声心动图在三维空间中定位其位置。先前已证明，多普勒导管可通过使用速度波形极性进行方向引导，实现主动脉根部和左心室腔的非荧光逆行导管插入。然而，提供超声导管引导的一个重大困难是无法识别多普勒导管尖端，因为柔性导管穿过图像平面的每个点都可能被误解为导管尖端。最初的体外水浴试验使用连接到标准速度计的多普勒导管进行。使用5MHz成像换能器和彩色多普勒方法，在扫描平面内外的不同角度记录是否存在可划定多普勒导管尖端的带状彩色图案。使用多普勒逆行引导和经食管超声心动图，在犬主动脉中研究了可识别多普勒导管尖端的彩色多普勒带状图案。为了理解其中涉及的物理机制，随后使用连接到与超声心动图仪同步的速度计的多普勒导管进行了一系列水浴试验。最初的非同步水浴试验显示，当多普勒导管尖端在波束宽度内的任何方向指向时，除了直接远离成像换能器的40度盲锥外，都有明显的带状彩色图案划定导管尖端。（摘要截断于250字）
