庆大霉素、新霉素和妥布霉素对两种大鼠品系肾脏钙和镁处理的影响。

Effects of gentamicin, neomycin and tobramycin on renal calcium and magnesium handling in two rat strains.

Garland H O, Birdsey T J, Davidge C G, McLaughlin J T, Oakes L M, Smith A J, Harpur E S

Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1994 Feb;21(2):109-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02476.x.

Abstract

Standard renal clearance techniques were used to compare the acute effects of gentamicin, neomycin and tobramycin on renal calcium and magnesium handling in Sprague-Dawley and Fischer 344 rats. 2. Significant hypercalciuric and hypermagnesiuric responses to all three drugs (P < 0.01) were apparent within 30 min of the onset of drug infusion. 3. The magnitude of the acute hypercalciuric and hypermagnesiuric response to the three aminoglycosides was comparable. This contrasts with their nephrotoxic action where neomycin >> gentamicin > tobramycin. The magnitude of the acute physiological responses to these drugs do not therefore reflect their nephrotoxic potential. 4. Sprague-Dawley rats were at least as responsive as Fischer rats in their acute renal responses to gentamicin. If Fischer rats are more sensitive to aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity than Sprague-Dawley rats, this is not reflected in their acute responses to gentamicin.

摘要

采用标准的肾脏清除技术，比较庆大霉素、新霉素和妥布霉素对斯普拉格-道利大鼠和费希尔344大鼠肾脏钙和镁处理的急性影响。2. 在药物输注开始后30分钟内，对所有三种药物均出现显著的高钙尿和高镁尿反应（P < 0.01）。3. 对三种氨基糖苷类药物的急性高钙尿和高镁尿反应程度相当。这与它们的肾毒性作用形成对比，其中新霉素 >> 庆大霉素 > 妥布霉素。因此，这些药物的急性生理反应程度并不反映它们的肾毒性潜力。4. 斯普拉格-道利大鼠对庆大霉素的急性肾脏反应至少与费希尔大鼠一样敏感。如果费希尔大鼠比斯普拉格-道利大鼠对氨基糖苷类肾毒性更敏感，这在它们对庆大霉素的急性反应中并未体现出来。