Transfer characteristic of the inner hair cell synapse: steady-state analysis.

Inner hair cells (IHC) transduce mechanical to electrical energy in the mammalian cochlea producing a receptor potential which is a rectified, filtered representation of the mechanical input to the hair cell. The IHC synapse transfers the information in the receptor potential to the fibers of the auditory nerve (whose cell bodies form the spiral ganglion) where it is encoded as a pattern of action potentials. That transfer was investigated by comparing the steady-state responses in pre- and post-synaptic cells. A nonlinear transfer characteristic describing the synapse was generated by plotting the spiral ganglion cell firing rate as a function of the IHC receptor potential. For each spiral ganglion unit, the operating range maps onto a different portion of the nonlinear inner hair cell operating range, dependent on the neural unit's threshold. Units whose rate-level functions exhibit similar slopes but different thresholds can have dramatically differing sensitivities to changes in the IHC potential. This threshold-dependent mapping supports the concept that information may be distributed amongst nerve fibers according to their threshold.