Summers R B
Bryn Mawr Hospital, Pennsylvania.
Compendium. 1994 Feb;15(2):152, 154-6, 158 passim; quiz 162.
This article reviews the limitations of drilling into soft bone to place endosseous implants. Differences among bone types and the anatomy of the maxilla are described. The osteotome technique, which is a new method of placing implants into maxillary bone without drilling, and the rationale for two other procedures, the osteotome sinus floor elevation and the ridge expansion osteotomy, are detailed. How osteotomes conserve osseous tissue and may improve bone density around the implant is also discussed. A pilot study that shows excellent results with several types of press-fit implants using the osteotome technique is provided. The author concludes that the osteotome technique is superior to drilling for many applications in soft maxillary bone. Furthermore, the osteotome technique allows more implants to be inserted in a greater variety of sites during a routine office procedure.
本文综述了在松软骨中钻孔植入骨内种植体的局限性。描述了不同骨类型之间的差异以及上颌骨的解剖结构。详细介绍了骨凿技术，这是一种无需钻孔即可将种植体植入上颌骨的新方法，以及另外两种手术的原理，即骨凿上颌窦底提升术和牙槽嵴扩展截骨术。还讨论了骨凿如何保存骨组织以及可能改善种植体周围的骨密度。提供了一项初步研究，该研究表明使用骨凿技术的几种压配式种植体取得了优异的效果。作者得出结论，在松软的上颌骨中，骨凿技术在许多应用中优于钻孔技术。此外，骨凿技术允许在常规门诊手术中在更多样化的部位插入更多的种植体。
