Silverman S
Division of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Semin Dermatol. 1994 Jun;13(2):132-7.
Oral cancer currently strikes about 31,000 Americans each year. Survival rates are approximately 50%. However, early detection followed by appropriate treatment can increase cure rates to about 80%, and greatly improves the quality of life by minimizing extensive, debilitating treatments. An early oral cancer can appear as an innocuous red or white change, an ulcer, or a lump, mimicking many benign lesions. Additionally, when the discomfort is minimal, professional consultation is often delayed, increasing the chance for local spread and regional metastases. Vital staining with toluidine blue and exfoliative cytological examination can aid early detection by accelerating the biopsy of lesions that cannot be classified adequately or made to disappear.
口腔癌目前每年约侵袭3.1万美国人。生存率约为50%。然而，早期发现并随后进行适当治疗可将治愈率提高到约80%，并通过尽量减少广泛的、使人虚弱的治疗方法极大地改善生活质量。早期口腔癌可能表现为无害的红色或白色变化、溃疡或肿块，类似于许多良性病变。此外，当不适症状很轻微时，往往会延迟寻求专业咨询，从而增加局部扩散和区域转移的可能性。甲苯胺蓝活体染色和脱落细胞学检查可通过加速对无法充分分类或无法消失的病变进行活检来辅助早期检测。
