Stewart D L, Zuckerman C J, Ingle J M
Department of Family Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
J Natl Med Assoc. 1994 Jul;86(7):519-23.
This article describes a study undertaken to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and risk factors associated with HIV infection in a chronically mentally ill population. Patients were eligible for inclusion in the survey at their first outpatient or inpatient admission to a Maryland state psychiatric hospital between August 1990 and July 1991. Demographic and risk behavior information was collected, and unlinked HIV antibody testing was performed on blood specimens drawn for routine clinical purposes. Of 533 patients surveyed, 31 patients (5.8%) were infected with HIV. The prevalence of HIV infection was 36.4% among female patients reporting intravenous drug use and 14.5% among their male counterparts. The prevalence of HIV infection among homeless patients was 10.1%; 88.9% of those HIV infected also reported intravenous drug use. On admission, 90% of patients reported no knowledge of their HIV antibody status; 4.1% of these patients were HIV infected. The data confirmed the risk of HIV infection in this population of chronically mentally ill individuals. Risk reduction programs designed specifically for individuals with chronic mental illness need to be developed.
本文描述了一项旨在确定慢性精神病患者人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染率及与HIV感染相关危险因素的研究。1990年8月至1991年7月期间，患者首次在马里兰州一家精神病医院门诊或住院时符合纳入该调查的条件。收集了人口统计学和风险行为信息，并对为常规临床目的采集的血样进行了不关联的HIV抗体检测。在接受调查的533名患者中，有31名患者（5.8%）感染了HIV。报告有静脉吸毒行为的女性患者中HIV感染率为36.4%，男性患者中这一比例为14.5%。无家可归患者中HIV感染率为10.1%；在这些感染HIV的患者中，88.9%也报告有静脉吸毒行为。入院时，90%的患者表示不知道自己的HIV抗体状况；这些患者中有4.1%感染了HIV。数据证实了这一慢性精神病患者人群中存在HIV感染风险。需要制定专门针对慢性精神病患者的降低风险项目。
