Intracranial tuberculoma and hydrocephalus developing during treatment of tuberculous meningitis.

A 3 1/2-year-old boy with tuberculous meningitis is described. He developed hydrocephalus and subsequently an intracranial tuberculoma while receiving appropriate antituberculous therapy. Such a paradoxical response is thought to be due to a hypersensitivity reaction to the infection during antituberculous therapy. Both hydrocephalus and tuberculomata should be looked for if any patient develops new neurological signs or symptoms during treatment of tuberculous meningitis.