Colbeck S C
US Army CRREL, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755.
J Sports Sci. 1994 Jun;12(3):285-95. doi: 10.1080/02640419408732174.
Snow friction results from a mixture of processes. With little meltwater present, the surfaces are partially separated and, when too much water is present, the contact area increases and there may be capillary attachments. Slider thermal conductivity and even colour are very important. Heat is generated by friction and solar radiation absorbtion and is conducted away by both slider and ice particles. The remaining heat is available to generate meltwater which acts as a lubricant. While sliders must be designed for use over a narrow range of snow and weather conditions, polyethylene bases can be structured and waxed to broaden that range. The important processes operate not at the air temperature, but at the ski base temperature, which is highly dependent on such things as snow-surface temperature, load and speed. The roughness elements and contact areas must be characterized before the basic processes can be understood further.
雪面摩擦力是多种过程综合作用的结果。当几乎没有融水时，表面会部分分离；而当融水过多时，接触面积会增加，可能还会有毛细管附着现象。滑块的热导率甚至颜色都非常重要。摩擦和太阳辐射吸收会产生热量，热量通过滑块和冰粒传导出去。剩余的热量会用于产生融水，融水起到润滑剂的作用。虽然滑块必须设计成在狭窄的雪和天气条件范围内使用，但聚乙烯底座可以进行结构化处理并打蜡，以扩大适用范围。重要的过程并非在空气温度下发生，而是在滑雪板底座温度下发生，而滑雪板底座温度高度依赖于雪面温度、负载和速度等因素。在进一步理解基本过程之前，必须先确定粗糙度要素和接触面积。
