Nissinen M, Heliövaara M, Seitsamo J, Alaranta H, Poussa M
Laakso Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1994 Jun 15;19(12):1367-70. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199406000-00010.
The authors studied the anthropometric measurements to predict low back pain (LBP) in a cohort of growing adolescents.
The cohort consisted of all the fourth-grade school children of the western school district of Helsinki, Finland, in the spring of 1986. They were examined annually from the mean age of 11.8 to 13.8 years.
The forward bending test, measurements of total arm length, pelvic equilibrium, and spinal pantographs were carried out by the same physiatrist. A standardized pain questionnaire presented at the final examination obtained the history of LBP. Of the original cohort of 1060 children, those 859 (408 girls and 451 boys) who participated in all the examinations and had not had LBP until the age of 12.8 years were included in this study.
The 1-year (from 12.8 to 13.8 years) incidence of LBP was 18.4% in girls and 16.9% in boys. Trunk asymmetry measured by the forward bending test and sitting height were significant determinants of the incidence of LBP. In the whole cohort, the odds ratio (OR) of trunk asymmetry adjusted for all the other risk determinants was 1.19 and its confidence interval (CI) was 1.00-1.39 per one standard deviation increase of the trunk hump. In the multivariate analysis comprising both sexes, OR per one standard deviation increase of sitting height was 1.24, (95% CI 1.03-1.46). In boys, standing height (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.13-1.65, per one standard deviation) and sitting height (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.63, per one standard deviation) were positively associated with the risk of LBP. These associations were not significant in girls.
Sitting height and trunk asymmetry may contribute to LBP in pubertal children. The role of anthropometric characteristics seems, however, modest.
作者对一组成长中的青少年进行人体测量，以预测下背痛（LBP）。
该队列包括1986年春季芬兰赫尔辛基西区所有四年级学童。从平均年龄11.8岁到13.8岁，他们每年接受检查。
前屈试验、总臂长测量、骨盆平衡测量和脊柱缩放仪测量均由同一位物理治疗师进行。在最后一次检查时使用标准化疼痛问卷获取LBP病史。在最初的1060名儿童队列中，本研究纳入了859名（408名女孩和451名男孩）参加了所有检查且在12.8岁之前没有LBP的儿童。
LBP的1年（从12.8岁到13.8岁）发病率在女孩中为18.4%，在男孩中为16.9%。通过前屈试验测量的躯干不对称和坐高是LBP发病率的重要决定因素。在整个队列中，经所有其他风险决定因素调整后的躯干不对称优势比（OR）为1.19，其置信区间（CI）为每躯干驼峰增加一个标准差时的1.00 - 1.39。在包括男女两性的多变量分析中，坐高每增加一个标准差的OR为1.24，（95%CI 1.03 - 1.46）。在男孩中，身高（OR 1.40，95%CI 1.13 - 1.65，每一个标准差）和坐高（OR 1.35，95%CI 1.09 - 1.63，每一个标准差）与LBP风险呈正相关。这些关联在女孩中不显著。
坐高和躯干不对称可能导致青春期儿童出现LBP。然而，人体测量特征的作用似乎不大。
