Pieringer R A
Lipids. 1975 Jul;10(7):421-6. doi: 10.1007/BF02532448.
The recently discovered phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride (PKD), was first observed as a biosynthetic by-product of glycosyl diglyceride metabolism in Streptococcus faecalis (faecium) ATCC 9790. Its structure is 1, 2-diacyl-3-O-alpha-Dglucopyranosyl-6'-O-phosphoryl- [1'', 2''-diacyl-3''-O-sn-glycerol]-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol. The biosynthesis of phosphatidyl-kojibiosyl diglyceride occurs by a novel transphosphatidylation reaction in which a phosphatidyl glycerol to the primary alcohol function at the 6 position of the internal glucose of kojibiosyl diglyceride. The reaction is catalyzed by a membrane-derived enzyme. Phosphatidyl-kojibiosyl diglyceride is bound covalently through a phosphodiester bond to the polyglycerol phosphate moiety of membrane lipoteichoic acid from S. faecalis. Phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride has four nonpolar long chain fatty acyl groups and appears to have the necessary physico-chemical properties to anchor the long hydrophilic glycerol phosphate polymer of lipoteichoic acid to the hydrophobic enviroment of the membrane of S. faecalis and probably other gram-positive bacteria as well.
最近发现的磷酸糖脂，磷脂酰曲二糖甘油酯（PKD），最初是作为粪肠球菌（屎肠球菌）ATCC 9790中糖基甘油酯代谢的生物合成副产物被观察到的。其结构为1,2 - 二酰基 - 3 - O - α - D - 吡喃葡萄糖基 - 6'- O - 磷酰基 - [1'',2'' - 二酰基 - 3'' - O - sn - 甘油] - α - D - 吡喃葡萄糖基） - sn - 甘油。磷脂酰曲二糖甘油酯的生物合成通过一种新型的转磷脂酰基反应发生，其中磷脂酰甘油与曲二糖甘油酯内部葡萄糖6位的伯醇官能团反应。该反应由一种膜衍生酶催化。磷脂酰曲二糖甘油酯通过磷酸二酯键与粪肠球菌膜脂磷壁酸的聚甘油磷酸部分共价结合。磷脂酰曲二糖甘油酯有四个非极性长链脂肪酰基，似乎具有将脂磷壁酸的长亲水性甘油磷酸聚合物锚定到粪肠球菌膜以及可能其他革兰氏阳性菌膜的疏水环境所需的物理化学性质。
