Gaitan E, Cooksey R C, Legan J, Lindsay R H, Ingbar S H, Medeiros-Neto G
University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson.
Eur J Endocrinol. 1994 Aug;131(2):138-44. doi: 10.1530/eje.0.1310138.
Babassu (Orbignya phalerata), a palm-tree coconut fruit, mixed with mandioca (Manihot utilissima) is the staple food of people living in the endemic goiter area of Maranhao in Brazil, where goiter prevalence among schoolchildren was still 38% in 1986 despite an adequate iodine intake in most of the population. Therefore, the question arose as to whether or not the ingestion of babassu alone or mixed with mandioca contributed to the persistence of endemic goiter in this area of Brazil. In this investigation we examined the potential antithyroid effects of babassu and mandioca by means of in vivo studies in Sprague-Dawley rats, in vitro studies in porcine thyroid slices and using a purified porcine thyroid peroxidase (TPO) system. Samples of various edible parts of babassu and mandioca flour were homogenized and extracted in goitrogen-free water (GFW) for in vivo experiments, and in methanol (100 g/l), GFW or 0.06 mol/l phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) for in vitro experiments. The edible parts of babassu produced significant in vivo antithyroid effects (p < 0.05- < 0.001) in rats on a high iodine intake (14 micrograms I- day-1.rat-1), as well as distinct and reproducible antithyroid and anti-TPO activities in both in vitro systems, their action being similar to that of the thionamide-like antithyroid drugs propylthiouracil and methimazole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
巴巴苏（油棕榈）是一种棕榈树椰子果实，与木薯（食用木薯）混合是巴西马拉尼昂地方性甲状腺肿流行地区居民的主食。在该地区，尽管大多数人口碘摄入量充足，但1986年学童的甲状腺肿患病率仍为38%。因此，出现了一个问题，即单独食用巴巴苏或与木薯混合食用是否导致了巴西该地区地方性甲状腺肿的持续存在。在本研究中，我们通过对斯普拉格-道利大鼠进行体内研究、对猪甲状腺切片进行体外研究以及使用纯化的猪甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPO）系统，研究了巴巴苏和木薯的潜在抗甲状腺作用。将巴巴苏和木薯粉不同可食用部分的样品匀浆，并在无致甲状腺肿物质的水中（GFW）提取用于体内实验，在甲醇（100 g/l）、GFW或0.06 mol/l磷酸盐缓冲液（pH 7.0）中提取用于体外实验。巴巴苏的可食用部分在高碘摄入量（14微克碘/天·只大鼠）的大鼠体内产生了显著的抗甲状腺作用（p<0.05 - <0.001），并且在两种体外系统中都具有明显且可重复的抗甲状腺和抗TPO活性，其作用类似于硫酰胺类抗甲状腺药物丙硫氧嘧啶和甲巯咪唑。（摘要截断于250字）
