用富含钾和镁的盐替代品取代普通盐来改善美托洛尔的心血管效应。

Improvement of cardiovascular effects of metoprolol by replacement of common salt with a potassium- and magnesium-enriched salt alternative.

作者信息

Mervaala E M, Laakso J, Vapaatalo H, Karppanen H

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Helsinki, Finland.

出版信息

Br J Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;112(2):640-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13123.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1994.tb13123.x

PMID:8075882

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1910381/

Abstract

The influence of sodium chloride (NaCl)-enrichment of the diet (6% of the dry weight) and that of a novel sodium-reduced, potassium-, magnesium-, and L-lysine-enriched salt alternative on the cardiovascular effects of the beta 1-adrenoceptor blocking drug, metoprolol, was studied in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. 2. Increased dietary sodium chloride intake produced a marked rise in blood pressure and induced left ventricular and renal hypertrophy. By contrast, the salt alternative did not increase blood pressure and caused remarkably less cardiac and renal hypertrophy than did sodium chloride. 3. Metoprolol treatment at a daily dose of 250 mg kg-1 lowered blood pressure and decreased left ventricular hypertrophy index during the control diet. Sodium chloride-enrichment blocked the antihypertensive effect of metoprolol, while a partial protective effect on left ventricular and renal hypertrophy persisted. In the presence of the salt alternative-enrichment both at the level of 6% and 10.5% (corresponding to a NaCl level of 6%), metoprolol was fully able to exert its beneficial cardiovascular and renal effects. 4. Both salt supplementations, irrespective of metoprolol treatment, induced a 3 to 4 fold increase in the urinary excretion of calcium. There was a linear correlation between the urinary excretions of sodium and calcium. The urinary excretion of magnesium rose by 90% and that of potassium by 110% in the salt alternative group. 6. Our findings suggest that replacement of common salt by a potassium-, and magnesium-enriched salt alternative in the diet produces beneficial cardiovascular effects and improves the antihypertensive efficacy of metoprolol in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Increased intake of potassium and/or magnesium and L-lysine from the salt alternative is involved in the beneficial effects of the salt alternative. The NaCl-induced myocardial and renal hypertrophies appear to be partially mediated by Beta-adrenoceptor activation.

摘要

在易患中风的自发性高血压大鼠中，研究了饮食中添加氯化钠（NaCl，占干重的6%）以及一种新型低钠、富含钾、镁和L-赖氨酸的盐替代品对β1-肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂美托洛尔心血管效应的影响。2. 增加饮食中氯化钠的摄入量会导致血压显著升高，并引起左心室和肾脏肥大。相比之下，这种盐替代品不会升高血压，且与氯化钠相比，引起的心脏和肾脏肥大明显更少。3. 在对照饮食期间，每日剂量为250 mg/kg的美托洛尔治疗可降低血压并降低左心室肥大指数。添加氯化钠会阻断美托洛尔的降压作用，而对左心室和肾脏肥大仍有部分保护作用。在添加6%和10.5%（相当于NaCl水平为6%）的盐替代品时，美托洛尔完全能够发挥其有益的心血管和肾脏作用。4. 无论是否进行美托洛尔治疗，两种盐补充剂都会使尿钙排泄量增加3至4倍。钠和钙的尿排泄量之间存在线性相关性。在盐替代品组中，尿镁排泄量增加了90%，尿钾排泄量增加了110%。6. 我们的研究结果表明，在饮食中用富含钾和镁的盐替代品替代普通盐可产生有益的心血管效应，并提高美托洛尔在易患中风的自发性高血压大鼠中的降压疗效。盐替代品中钾和/或镁以及L-赖氨酸的摄入量增加参与了盐替代品的有益作用。NaCl诱导的心肌和肾脏肥大似乎部分由β-肾上腺素能受体激活介导。