Beyiha G, Manelli J C
Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France.
Cah Anesthesiol. 1994;42(1):41-6.
The objective of prophylactic antibiotherapy is to reduce the frequency and complications of post operatory infections. The pharmacokinetic and microbiologic profiles of antibiotics are well codified. They must: to have a bacterial activity on frequently encountered germs and those susceptible to develop; not to create resistance nor serious side effects; to have a good tissular diffusion. Moreover, their cost must be economically acceptable. When indicated principally in clean, clean contaminated and contaminated surgery, prophylactic antibiotherapy must be of short duration, not exceeding 24 to 48 hours, habitually in monotherapy; the validity and efficiency concepts are hence no more contested; prophylactic antibiotherapy has neatly reduced the consumption and an important hospital budget wastage in antibiotics on one side, and the duration and cost of hospitalisation on the other side.
预防性抗菌治疗的目的是降低术后感染的发生率和并发症。抗生素的药代动力学和微生物学特征已得到很好的规范。它们必须：对常见病原菌以及那些易引发感染的病原菌具有抗菌活性；不会产生耐药性，也不会引发严重副作用；具有良好的组织扩散性。此外，其成本在经济上必须是可接受的。预防性抗菌治疗主要适用于清洁手术、清洁-污染手术和污染手术，必须疗程短暂，不超过24至48小时，通常采用单一疗法；因此，其有效性和效率概念不再受到质疑；预防性抗菌治疗一方面显著减少了抗生素的消耗和医院预算的大量浪费，另一方面也缩短了住院时间并降低了住院费用。
