Islet amyloid polypeptide is expressed in endocrine cells of the gastric mucosa in the rat and mouse.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) or amylin is a novel islet hormone candidate with a suggested role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and the pathogenesis of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Occurrence of IAPP in the gastrointestinal tract of rats and humans has also been shown. The expression of IAPP in the stomach of the rat and mouse and the possible colocalization of IAPP and known gastric hormones were investigated in this study.

METHODS

In situ hybridization, immunofluorescence, and combined in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry were used.

RESULTS

IAPP messenger RNA and IAPP-like immunoreactivity were shown in the same endocrine cells in the antrum and fundus of the rat and in the antrum of the mouse. IAPP was expressed in a major population of somatostatin-immunoreactive cells as well as in small populations of gastrin- and peptide YY-immunoreactive cells.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results establish the synthesis and storage of IAPP in gastric endocrine cells in the rat and mouse. The extensive colocalization of IAPP with somatostatin and to a lesser extent with gastrin and peptide YY suggests that IAPP may modulate endocrine activity in the gastric mucosa in a paracrine and/or autocrine mode.