Yao L, Do H M, Cracchiolo A, Farahani K
Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1721.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 Sep;163(3):641-4. doi: 10.2214/ajr.163.3.8079860.
The plantar plate of the foot is formed by the plantar aponeurosis and plantar capsule. The plantar plate arises from the distal plantar aspect of the metatarsal neck and inserts on the plantar aspect of the proximal phalangeal base. This thick plate supports the undersurface of the metatarsal head and resists hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) [1]. Plantar plate rupture may present as lesser metatarsalgia (the lesser metatarsals are the second through fifth), occasionally with exuberant synovitis. Plantar plate derangement also plays a central role in the genesis of the common hammertoe [2, 3]. Rupture or degeneration of the plantar plate destabilizes the MTPJ, allowing dorsal subluxation of the proximal phalanx. The resulting "cock-up" deformity at the MTPJ shortens and compromises the action of the extensor digitorum longus tendon, contributing over time to a flexion deformity at the interphalangeal joints.
足底跖板由足底腱膜和足底关节囊构成。跖板起自跖骨颈的远侧足底面，止于近节趾骨基底的足底面。这块厚板支撑着跖骨头的下表面，并抵抗跖趾关节（MTPJ）的过度伸展[1]。跖板破裂可能表现为小趾跖痛症（小趾跖骨为第二至第五跖骨），偶尔伴有严重滑膜炎。跖板紊乱在常见锤状趾的发生中也起核心作用[2, 3]。跖板破裂或退变会使跖趾关节不稳定，导致近节趾骨背侧半脱位。MTPJ处由此产生的“背伸”畸形会缩短并损害趾长伸肌腱的作用，随着时间的推移会导致指间关节出现屈曲畸形。
