Orr S T, Celentano D D, Santelli J, Burwell L
Johns Hopkins University Department of Health Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD 21205.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1994 Jun;6(3):230-6.
Blacks comprise 55% of all AIDS cases among women, and have 9 times the risk of white women of mortality from AIDS. Thus, prevention of HIV infection is critical among black women. Programs to prevent HIV infection have focused upon the adoption of behavioral strategies such as limiting the number of sexual partners, avoiding intercourse with i.v. drug users, and using condoms. However, such programs are dependent upon the ability of the woman to assume responsibility for her health and successfully adopt behavior changes. Generally overlooked in the development of health education interventions are those factors, such as depressive symptoms, which may make it very difficult for an individual to adopt healthy behaviors. In the present study, an analysis was conducted of the association between depressive symptoms and risk factors for the acquisition of HIV infection among black women using two urban health centers. Those women with higher levels of depressive symptoms were significantly more likely than other women to report more risk factors for HIV acquisition. The implications of these findings for the development of preventive interventions are discussed.
黑人女性占所有女性艾滋病病例的55%，死于艾滋病的风险是白人女性的9倍。因此，预防艾滋病毒感染对黑人女性至关重要。预防艾滋病毒感染的项目侧重于采取行为策略，如限制性伴侣数量、避免与静脉注射吸毒者发生性行为以及使用避孕套。然而，此类项目依赖于女性对自身健康承担责任并成功改变行为的能力。在制定健康教育干预措施时，通常被忽视的是那些可能使个体很难采取健康行为的因素，比如抑郁症状。在本研究中，利用两个城市健康中心，对黑人女性中抑郁症状与感染艾滋病毒的风险因素之间的关联进行了分析。抑郁症状水平较高的女性比其他女性更有可能报告更多感染艾滋病毒的风险因素。本文讨论了这些发现对制定预防干预措施的意义。
