Hetherington S E, Harris R M, Bausell R B, Kavanagh K H, Scott D E
University of Maryland at Baltimore School of Nursing 21230, USA.
J Sex Marital Ther. 1996 Spring;22(1):9-21. doi: 10.1080/00926239608405301.
A three-year longitudinal intervention study was implemented to reduce high-risk drug and sexual behaviors in methadone-dependent African American women. Participants were recruited from four inner-city methadone maintenance programs and randomly assigned either to an eight-week peer counseling and leadership training group or to a control group. The 107 trainees and 97 controls completed pretests and posttests at two, four, and seven months. This paper focuses on final data related to the subjects' sexual beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors that put them at risk for HIV/AIDS. Reasons for not using condoms are categorized and discussed. Despite the women's awareness of the seriousness of AIDS, perceived powerlessness to negotiate condom use, negative attitudes about the use of condoms, influence of drugs, and unavailablility of condoms interfered with safer sex practices. The inability of education alone to prevent many high-risk sexual behaviors suggests that more serious consideration be given to expanded distribution of condoms as well as needle exchange programs and legalization of illicit drugs.
开展了一项为期三年的纵向干预研究，以减少依赖美沙酮的非裔美国女性的高危药物和性行为。参与者从四个市中心的美沙酮维持治疗项目中招募，并随机分配到一个为期八周的同伴咨询和领导力培训组或对照组。107名受训者和97名对照组人员在两个月、四个月和七个月时完成了预测试和后测试。本文重点关注与受试者的性观念、态度、知识以及使他们面临感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的行为相关的最终数据。对不使用避孕套的原因进行了分类和讨论。尽管这些女性意识到艾滋病的严重性，但认为在协商使用避孕套方面无能为力、对使用避孕套持消极态度、药物的影响以及无法获得避孕套等因素妨碍了更安全的性行为。仅靠教育无法预防许多高危性行为，这表明应更认真地考虑扩大避孕套的发放以及针头交换项目，并将非法药物合法化。
