McIntyre R C, Stiegmann G V, Pearlman N W
Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Endosc Surg Allied Technol. 1994 Apr;2(2):149-52.
Ultrasonography has many clinical applications and can be done with both extra- and intracorporeal techniques. Miniaturization of ultrasound transducers has opened the way for intracorporeal use of ultrasound at laparoscopy. The principles of ultrasonography are presented. Laparoscopic intracorporeal ultrasound (LICU) has proven to be useful in the differential diagnosis of liver tumours. In one series, 75 of 85 patients had positive identification of a suspected liver tumour with laparoscopic ultrasound examination. LICU has also been useful for delineation of hepatobiliary anatomy during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in both animal models and patients having cholecystectomy. LICU may detect useful anatomic information prior to dissection of the cystic duct and is accurate in detecting common bile duct stones. LICU may also be useful in the preoperative staging of pancreatic malignancy. Laparoscopic intracorporeal ultrasound may find practical application in other areas as experience evolves.
超声检查有许多临床应用，可通过体外和体内技术进行。超声换能器的小型化为腹腔镜检查时体内使用超声开辟了道路。本文介绍了超声检查的原理。腹腔镜体内超声（LICU）已被证明在肝脏肿瘤的鉴别诊断中有用。在一组病例中，85例患者中有75例通过腹腔镜超声检查对疑似肝脏肿瘤做出了阳性诊断。LICU在动物模型和接受胆囊切除术的患者的腹腔镜胆囊切除术中对肝胆解剖结构的描绘也很有用。LICU在胆囊管解剖之前可能检测到有用的解剖信息，并且在检测胆总管结石方面很准确。LICU在胰腺恶性肿瘤的术前分期中也可能有用。随着经验的积累，腹腔镜体内超声可能会在其他领域找到实际应用。
