Martin C, Belo M, Le Douarin N M, Corbel C
Institut d'Embryologie cellulaire et moléculaire du CNRS, Nogent-sur-Marne, France.
Int Immunol. 1994 Jun;6(6):795-804. doi: 10.1093/intimm/6.6.795.
We report here that different organ grafts are not equally competent to induce tolerance of the host even if they are performed early in development, i.e. before the host's immune system has started to develop. We have grafted the epithelio-mesenchymal rudiment of the bursa of Fabricius between histoincompatible chicken embryos at E5 and found that the transplant is normally colonized by hemopoietic cells from the host and that a normal contingent of B cells is eventually produced. The grafted bursa is tolerated after birth for a few weeks (> or = 4-8) but is in all cases rejected by an immune mechanism which cannot be assimilated to the physiological involution process which occurs at 4-5 months of age. Moreover, even in the first month after birth, when the bursa is still healthy, skin grafts of the same MHC haplotype are promptly rejected. These observations are in contrast with the outcome of allogeneic limb bud grafts which are permanently tolerated after birth although in an unperfect manner. We show in addition that, as was the case in xenogeneic grafts of limb buds and bursas of Fabricius from quail and chick embryos, the allogeneic in situ graft to thymic epithelium of the MHC haplotype of the bursal implant induces tolerance of the bursa. One common point of xenogeneic and allogeneic embryonic grafts of limb bud, bursa and even thymic rudiments is that none of them induced a complete state of tolerance, since proliferation responses were always obtained in vitro in one-way host-donor mixed leucocyte cultures.
我们在此报告，即使在发育早期，即宿主免疫系统开始发育之前进行不同器官移植，它们诱导宿主耐受的能力也不尽相同。我们在E5期将法氏囊的上皮-间充质原基移植到组织不相容的鸡胚之间，发现移植组织通常被宿主的造血细胞定植，最终产生正常数量的B细胞。移植的法氏囊在出生后可耐受数周（≥4 - 8周），但在所有情况下都会被一种免疫机制排斥，这种免疫机制不能等同于在4 - 5个月龄时发生的生理性退化过程。此外，即使在出生后的第一个月，当法氏囊仍然健康时，相同MHC单倍型的皮肤移植也会迅速被排斥。这些观察结果与同种异体肢芽移植的结果形成对比，同种异体肢芽移植在出生后可永久耐受，尽管方式并不完美。我们还表明，就像鹌鹑和鸡胚的肢体芽和法氏囊的异种移植情况一样，将与法氏囊植入物相同MHC单倍型的胸腺上皮进行同种异体原位移植可诱导法氏囊产生耐受。肢体芽、法氏囊甚至胸腺原基的异种和同种异体胚胎移植的一个共同点是，它们都没有诱导出完全的耐受状态，因为在单向宿主 - 供体混合淋巴细胞培养中体外总是能获得增殖反应。
