Schmitz S H, Scheding S, Voliotis D, Rasokat H, Diehl V, Schrappe M
Clinic I of internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany.
Ann Hematol. 1994 Sep;69(3):135-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01695694.
It was the objective of this study to document and evaluate AZT-induced short-term toxicity in healthy individuals. The study was designed as a longitudinal monocentric side-effect monitoring study with prospective data collection. It was carried out at the Cologne University Hospital. The study population comprised health care workers who were taking AZT prophylaxis after accidental exposure to HIV-infected blood. Fourteen individuals were included into the study; seven of them discontinued treatment prematurely, five due to severe subjective symptoms. In case of one worker AZT had to be stopped due to severe neutropenia (800 cells/microliters) with signs of upper respiratory tract infection. Four of 11 individuals taking AZT for at least 4 weeks developed neutropenia (2 WHO I, 1 WHO II, 1 WHO III). All other laboratory parameters stayed within normal range. In particular, no anemia was observed.
Compared with other studies more neutropenias are observed. Due to side effects 50% of the workers discontinued AZT administration prematurely. The data presented herein show that AZT causes considerable side effects which must be weighed against the potential protective antiviral effect.
本研究的目的是记录和评估齐多夫定（AZT）在健康个体中引起的短期毒性。该研究设计为一项纵向单中心副作用监测研究，采用前瞻性数据收集方法。研究在科隆大学医院进行。研究对象包括在意外接触感染HIV血液后接受AZT预防治疗的医护人员。14名个体纳入研究；其中7人提前终止治疗，5人因严重主观症状停药。有1名工作人员因严重中性粒细胞减少（800个细胞/微升）并伴有上呼吸道感染症状而不得不停用AZT。11名服用AZT至少4周的个体中有4人出现中性粒细胞减少（2例WHO I级，1例WHO II级，1例WHO III级）。所有其他实验室参数均保持在正常范围内。特别是，未观察到贫血。
与其他研究相比，观察到更多的中性粒细胞减少病例。由于副作用，50%的工作人员提前停止了AZT给药。本文提供的数据表明，AZT会引起相当大的副作用，必须在其潜在的抗病毒保护作用之间进行权衡。
