RangaRao G S, Sharma R L
Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Nainital.
Vet Parasitol. 1994 May;53(1-2):75-82. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)90019-1.
For centuries, the yak and its hybrids with domestic cows (dzomo/dzo) have been contributing to the socio-economic status of their owners in desolate regions of the Greater Himalayas. Studies on the prevalence of parasitic diseases in these animals were undertaken in Ladakh (Jammu and Kashmir), Sikkim and villages near the Indo-Nepal border of Uttar Pradesh. Visceral organs of necropsied animals were observed for the presence of adult metazoan parasites, fresh or preserved faecal samples were examined for the eggs of helminth parasites and protozoan cysts, and blood smears were examined for haemo-protozoa and microfilariae. In all, examination of 225 faecal samples, 180 blood smears and the visceral organs of thirteen yaks and dzomo/dzo was undertaken. On necropsy, visceral organs revealed various adult liver and stomach flukes, gastrointestinal nematodes, tapeworms, cysts of Coenurus spp. and hydatid cysts, as well as Setaria cervi worms and large and/or small sized Sarcocystis cysts. On coprological examination, egg prevalences of 10% for Fasciola spp., 6.6% for various amphistomes, 10% for Moniezia spp., 76.4% for Strongylate spp., 24% for Neoascaris spp. and 13.7% for Nematodirus spp. were recorded. Identification of infective larvae from the faecal cultures showed that a majority of eggs (86.3%) in the host faeces were contributed by nematodes belonging to Trichostrongyle spp., Ostertagia spp. and Cooperia spp. This was followed by Chabertia spp. (6.5%). Haemonchus spp., Bunostomum spp. and Nematodirus spp. together contributed only 7.2% of the eggs found. Among protozoan infections, Eimeria brasiliensis and E. zurnii were common. None of the blood smears evidenced any haemoprotozoa or microfilariae. Likewise, none of the animals were positive for Trichuris spp.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
几个世纪以来，牦牛及其与家牛的杂交种（犏牛）一直在喜马拉雅山脉广大荒凉地区对其主人的社会经济地位发挥着作用。在拉达克（查谟和克什米尔）、锡金以及北方邦印-尼边境附近的村庄，对这些动物体内寄生虫病的流行情况进行了研究。观察解剖动物的内脏器官中是否存在后生动物成虫寄生虫，检查新鲜或保存的粪便样本中是否有蠕虫寄生虫卵和原生动物囊肿，检查血液涂片是否有血液原生动物和微丝蚴。总共对225份粪便样本、180份血液涂片以及13头牦牛和犏牛的内脏器官进行了检查。解剖时，内脏器官发现了各种成虫肝吸虫和胃吸虫、胃肠线虫、绦虫、多头蚴囊肿和棘球蚴囊肿，以及丝状线虫和大小不一的肉孢子虫囊肿。粪便学检查记录到，片形吸虫属的虫卵感染率为10%，各种双口吸虫为6.6%，莫尼茨绦虫属为10%，圆线虫属为76.4%，新蛔虫属为24%，细颈线虫属为13.7%。从粪便培养物中鉴定出感染性幼虫表明，宿主粪便中的大多数虫卵（86.3%）由毛圆线虫属、奥斯特他线虫属和古柏线虫属的线虫产生。其次是夏伯特线虫属（6.5%）。血矛线虫属、仰口线虫属和细颈线虫属总共仅占所发现虫卵的7.2%。在原生动物感染中，巴西艾美耳球虫和祖氏艾美耳球虫较为常见。血液涂片未发现任何血液原生动物或微丝蚴。同样，没有动物的鞭虫属呈阳性（摘要截于250字）
