Reunala T, Brummer-Korvenkontio H, Karppinen A, Coulie P, Palosuo T
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Helsinki, Finland.
Clin Exp Allergy. 1993 Jan;23(1):72-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb02487.x.
Eighteen adult subjects sensitive to mosquito bites participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 10 mg cetirizine. The drug was given prophylactically and the subjects were then exposed to bites of Aedes communis mosquitoes in the field. Bite lesions were measured and pruritus was scored with a visual analogue scale at 15 min, 60 min, 12 hr and 24 hr. Cetirizine significantly decreased immediate wealing and pruritus and, interestingly, also had a clear effect on the delayed 12 hr and 24 hr bite papules and pruritus. The diameter of a 15 min mosquito-bite weal was 10.1 +/- 10.4 mm (mean +/- s.d.) with the placebo and 5.9 +/- 5.9 mm with cetirizine treatment (P < 0.05). The 15 min pruritus scores were 36.0 +/- 25.2 and 11.2 +/- 13.2 (P < 0.001), respectively. The diameter of the 24 hr mosquito-bite lesion was 12.6 +/- 21.9 mm with the placebo and 7.4 +/- 16.1 mm with cetirizine treatment (P < 0.01). The 24 hr pruritus scores were 18.9 +/- 25.5 and 6.6 +/- 14.8 (P < 0.01), respectively. These results indicate that, in mosquito-sensitive subjects, prophylactically administered cetirizine is an effective drug against both immediate and delayed mosquito-bite symptoms.
18名对蚊虫叮咬敏感的成年受试者参与了一项使用10毫克西替利嗪的双盲、安慰剂对照研究。该药物进行预防性给药，然后受试者在野外暴露于普通伊蚊的叮咬。在15分钟、60分钟、12小时和24小时测量叮咬损伤，并使用视觉模拟量表对瘙痒进行评分。西替利嗪显著降低了即刻风团和瘙痒，有趣的是，它对延迟的12小时和24小时叮咬丘疹及瘙痒也有明显效果。安慰剂组15分钟蚊虫叮咬风团直径为10.1±10.4毫米（平均值±标准差），西替利嗪治疗组为5.9±5.9毫米（P<0.05）。15分钟时的瘙痒评分分别为36.0±25.2和11.2±13.2（P<0.001）。安慰剂组24小时蚊虫叮咬损伤直径为12.6±21.9毫米，西替利嗪治疗组为7.4±16.1毫米（P<0.01）。24小时时的瘙痒评分分别为18.9±25.5和6.6±14.8（P<0.01）。这些结果表明，在对蚊虫敏感的受试者中，预防性给予西替利嗪是一种对抗即刻和延迟蚊虫叮咬症状的有效药物。
