Fischer L, Auberson S, Bretton C, Lacroix J S
Laboratory of Experimental Rhinology, Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Geneva, Switzerland.
Rhinology. 1993 Mar;31(1):11-5.
The possible occurrence of adrenergic and non-adrenergic vasoconstrictor mechanisms has been studied in human nasal mucosa biopsies. The tissue contractions (reflecting vascular tone variation) in response to exogenous noradrenaline (NA), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin (SOM) were measured in vitro. Dose-dependent contraction of the nasal mucosa was observed for the three agents studied and the rank order of their vasoconstrictive potency was NA > SOM > NPY. On a molar basis NPY showed an 80% less potent vasoconstrictive activity than SOM. Pretreatment with the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist phenoxybenzamine (10(-6) M) almost completely abolished the vasoconstrictive response to NA, whereas the effects of NPY and SOM remained intact. The responses to SOM were significantly reduced after pretreatment with high dose of the competitive SOM-antagonist analog cyclo(7-aminoheptanoyl-PHE-D-TRP-LYS-THR[BZL]). When SOM was administered simultaneously with NA, the contractile response was significantly reduced as compared to the effect of NA alone. In contrast, concomitant administration of NPY and NA potentiated the vasoconstrictive effect of NA. The present data suggest that both adrenergic and non-adrenergic vasoconstrictor mechanisms are present in the human nasal mucosa vascular bed. Furthermore, NPY and SOM may act as modulators of the NA-induced vasoconstrictive effects.
在人类鼻黏膜活检中研究了肾上腺素能和非肾上腺素能血管收缩机制的可能存在情况。在体外测量了对外源性去甲肾上腺素（NA）、神经肽Y（NPY）和生长抑素（SOM）的组织收缩（反映血管张力变化）。在所研究的三种药物中均观察到鼻黏膜的剂量依赖性收缩，其血管收缩效力的排序为NA > SOM > NPY。以摩尔为基础，NPY的血管收缩活性比SOM低80%。用α-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂酚苄明（10(-6) M）预处理几乎完全消除了对NA的血管收缩反应，而NPY和SOM的作用保持不变。用高剂量的竞争性SOM拮抗剂类似物环（7-氨基庚酰-PHE-D-TRP-LYS-THR[BZL]）预处理后，对SOM的反应显著降低。当SOM与NA同时给药时，与单独使用NA的效果相比，收缩反应显著降低。相反，NPY和NA同时给药增强了NA的血管收缩作用。目前的数据表明，肾上腺素能和非肾上腺素能血管收缩机制均存在于人类鼻黏膜血管床中。此外，NPY和SOM可能作为NA诱导的血管收缩作用的调节剂。
