Jiang C C, Liu C S, Liu Y J, Liu T K
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University, Taipei, R.O.C.
J Formos Med Assoc. 1993 Mar;92(3):249-54.
Many of the factors affecting postoperative knee motion are related to collateral ligament imbalance. In a cadaveric knee model, the center of origin of either the medial or lateral collateral ligament was found to be located at the center of the quarter circle of the posterior femoral condyle. Two distances were identified: OD (from the center of origin of the collateral ligament to the distal tibiofemoral articulation) and OP (from the center of origin of the collateral ligament to the posterior tibiofemoral articulation). The effect of the collateral ligaments on knee motion was demonstrated by stimulating joint line elevation and ligamentous stretching in a cadaveric knee model. In the knee with an elevated joint line without concomitant anterior displacement (OD reduced, OP unchanged), the flexion limit was reduced. When the collateral ligaments were stretched in a knee with constant OD and OP, both the flexion and extension limits were reduced. A correct joint level can be achieved by measuring the OD, OP and the tension of the collateral ligaments during total knee arthroplasty.
许多影响术后膝关节活动的因素与侧副韧带失衡有关。在一个尸体膝关节模型中，发现内侧或外侧副韧带的起始中心位于股骨后髁四分之一圆的中心。确定了两个距离：OD（从侧副韧带的起始中心到胫股远侧关节）和OP（从侧副韧带的起始中心到胫股后关节）。通过在尸体膝关节模型中刺激关节线抬高和韧带拉伸，证明了侧副韧带对膝关节活动的影响。在关节线抬高但无伴随前移位的膝关节中（OD减小，OP不变），屈曲极限降低。当在OD和OP恒定的膝关节中拉伸侧副韧带时，屈曲和伸展极限均降低。在全膝关节置换术中，通过测量OD、OP和侧副韧带的张力可以实现正确的关节水平。
