Blaho K
Southern College of Optometry, Memphis, TN 38104.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1993 Aug;64(8):586-8.
Drugs that selectively block the H-1 subtype of histamine receptors are known as classical antihistamines.
These agents are used for the symptomatic relief of allergies and colds and because they act in a manner similar to atropine, and are often used for their anticholinergic effects. They are readily available as prescription and over-the-counter medications and it is likely that the practicing optometrist will encounter these drugs in their patient population.
Antihistamines produces several common ocular side effects that include blurred vision, diplopia, mydriasis, and decreased lacrimation.
This article reviews the physiology of histamine as it relates to the pharmacology of antihistamines, the mechanism of action, and adverse effects associated with the classical antihistamines.
选择性阻断组胺受体H-1亚型的药物被称为经典抗组胺药。
这些药物用于对症缓解过敏和感冒症状，由于它们的作用方式与阿托品相似，常因其抗胆碱能作用而被使用。它们作为处方药和非处方药都很容易获得，执业验光师很可能会在其患者群体中遇到这些药物。
抗组胺药会产生几种常见的眼部副作用，包括视力模糊、复视、瞳孔散大及泪液分泌减少。
本文综述了与抗组胺药药理学相关的组胺生理学、作用机制以及经典抗组胺药的不良反应。
