Kieć-Swierczyńska M
Szpitala Klinicznego, Instytucie Medycyny Pracy, Lodzi.
Med Pr. 1993;44(6):539-44.
During the years 1988-1992 there were diagnosed 299 cases of allergic occupational eczema (115 females and 184 males). Among them 20.4% of patients were employed in health care and social welfare, 20.1% in the metallurgical and machine industries, 19.7% in the building industry and 9% in the textile and clothing industries. Allergy to nickel (45.2%), cobalt (40%), chromium (33.9%) and formalin (15.7%) was the most common cause of occupational allergy in females, while 63% of males were hypersensitive to chromium, 42.4% to cobalt, 17.4% to nickel and 14.7% to epidianes. When compared with the years 1972-1987 an increased incidence of occupational skin diseases was found especially in females, but also in health service workers as well as in workers employed by the metallurgical and machine industries. Chromium compounds still remain the main cause of occupational eczema, however, the number of persons sensitive to this metal has decreased. An increased allergy to nickel and formaldehyde and decreased allergy to turpentine have been also observed.
1988年至1992年期间，共诊断出299例过敏性职业性湿疹病例（女性115例，男性184例）。其中，20.4%的患者受雇于医疗保健和社会福利行业，20.1%受雇于冶金和机械行业，19.7%受雇于建筑行业，9%受雇于纺织和服装行业。镍过敏（45.2%）、钴过敏（40%）、铬过敏（33.9%）和福尔马林过敏（15.7%）是女性职业过敏最常见的原因，而63%的男性对铬过敏，42.4%对钴过敏，17.4%对镍过敏，14.7%对环氧乙烷过敏。与1972年至1987年相比，发现职业性皮肤病的发病率有所上升，尤其是女性，医疗服务人员以及冶金和机械行业的工人中也是如此。铬化合物仍然是职业性湿疹的主要原因，然而，对这种金属敏感的人数有所减少。还观察到对镍和甲醛的过敏增加，对松节油的过敏减少。
