Reeder C E
College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
Am Pharm. 1993 Dec;NS33(12 Suppl):S3-6.
Health care reform will no doubt entail substantial reorganization of provider and payer systems to facilitate competition among groups or alliances of providers and payers. Pharmacists must be positioned to assume an active and significant role in the delivery of high-quality, affordable, and accessible care. To fill this role, pharmacists need to understand and use pharmacoeconomic evaluation--economic outcomes assessment for pharmaceutical products and services. To explore the value to society of pharmaceutical products and pharmacists, direct, indirect, and intangible costs must be studied. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation includes cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness, cost-minimization, and cost-utility analyses. As analytical tools, pharmacoeconomic studies can provide valuable information concerning the costs and consequences of pharmaceutical products and services. Pharmacists can play an important role in contributing to the economic efficiency of the health care system and in ensuring that economic, clinical, and humanistic dimensions are balanced in treatment decisions.
医疗保健改革无疑将需要对医疗服务提供者和支付方系统进行大规模重组，以促进医疗服务提供者和支付方群体或联盟之间的竞争。药剂师必须做好准备，在提供高质量、可负担且可及的医疗服务中发挥积极且重要的作用。为了履行这一职责，药剂师需要理解并运用药物经济学评估——对药品和服务的经济结果进行评估。为了探究药品和药剂师对社会的价值，必须研究直接成本、间接成本和无形成本。药物经济学评估包括成本效益分析、成本效果分析、成本最小化分析和成本效用分析。作为分析工具，药物经济学研究可以提供有关药品和服务的成本及后果的有价值信息。药剂师可以在提高医疗保健系统的经济效率以及确保治疗决策中经济、临床和人文维度达到平衡方面发挥重要作用。
