Perry W, Braff D L
University of California at San Diego.
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Mar;151(3):363-7. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.3.363.
The goal of this investigation was to study the relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenic patients.
Fifty-two subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia were administered tests of information processing and thought disorder. The information-processing tests included visual backward masking and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex. Thought disorder was measured with the Magical Ideation Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the alogia subscale of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable and its subcomponents derived from the Rorschach.
Elevated poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable were significantly correlated with information-processing deficits. In a simultaneous multiple regression, the auditory prepulse inhibition measure was the best predictor of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable.
The results suggest a correlative relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder. The relationship is most apparent when highly sensitive measures of both information processing and thought disorder are used. Furthermore, the prediction of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable by auditory prepulse inhibition is important, since the neural circuitry of prepulse inhibition is known and involves the modulatory influences of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that information-processing failures are associated with cognitive fragmentation and thought disorder. More speculatively, these results allow us to hypothesize that impairments in part of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit may lead to thought disorder, as well as prepulse inhibition deficits.
本研究旨在探讨精神分裂症患者信息处理缺陷与思维障碍之间的关系。
对52名被诊断为精神分裂症的受试者进行信息处理和思维障碍测试。信息处理测试包括视觉反向掩蔽和惊吓反射的前脉冲抑制。思维障碍通过神奇观念量表、阳性症状评估量表、阴性症状评估量表的言语贫乏分量表以及源自罗夏墨迹测验的自我损害指数-人类体验变量及其子成分进行测量。
自我损害指数-人类体验变量上的不良反应升高与信息处理缺陷显著相关。在同步多元回归分析中，听觉前脉冲抑制测量是自我损害指数-人类体验变量上不良反应的最佳预测指标。
结果表明信息处理缺陷与思维障碍之间存在相关关系。当使用信息处理和思维障碍的高灵敏度测量方法时，这种关系最为明显。此外，听觉前脉冲抑制对自我损害指数-人类体验变量上不良反应的预测很重要，因为前脉冲抑制的神经回路是已知的，且涉及皮质-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑回路的调节作用。这些发现支持了信息处理失败与认知碎片化和思维障碍相关的假说。更具推测性的是，这些结果使我们能够假设皮质-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑回路的部分损伤可能导致思维障碍以及前脉冲抑制缺陷。
