Gehlert S
School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Epilepsia. 1994 Jan-Feb;35(1):81-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02915.x.
That psychosocial problems are extant in epilepsy is evidenced by a suicide rate among epileptic persons five times that of the general population and an unemployment rate estimated to be more than twice that of the population as a whole. External perceptions of control secondary to repeated episodes of seizure activity that generalize to the social sphere have been implicated as causes of these problems. The hypothesis that individuals who continue to have seizures become more and more external in perceptions of control was tested by a survey mailed to a sample of individuals with epilepsy in a metropolitan area of the Midwest. Dependent variables were, scores on instruments measuring locus of control and attributional style. The independent variable was a measure of seizure control based on present age, age at onset, and length of time since last seizure. Gender, socioeconomic status, and certain parenting characteristics were included as control variables, as they are also known to affect perceptions of control. Analysis by multiple regression techniques supported the study's hypothesis when perceptions of control was conceptualized as learned helplessness for bad, but not for good, events. The hypothesis was not confirmed when perceptions of control was conceptualized as either general or health locus of control.
癫痫患者中存在心理社会问题，证据如下：癫痫患者的自杀率是普通人群的五倍，失业率估计是全体人口的两倍多。因癫痫发作反复出现而产生的对外在控制的认知，这种认知延伸到社会领域，被认为是这些问题的成因。通过向中西部一个大都市地区的癫痫患者样本邮寄调查问卷，对持续癫痫发作的个体在控制认知上变得越来越依赖外在因素这一假设进行了检验。因变量是测量控制源和归因风格的工具上的得分。自变量是基于当前年龄、发病年龄和上次发作以来的时间长度对癫痫控制情况的一种衡量。性别、社会经济地位和某些育儿特征作为控制变量纳入，因为它们也已知会影响控制认知。当将控制认知概念化为对不良事件的习得性无助时，多元回归技术分析支持了该研究的假设，但对良好事件不成立。当将控制认知概念化为一般控制源或健康控制源时，该假设未得到证实。
