Siddiqui A, Goldberg I D
J Bacteriol. 1975 Dec;124(3):1359-65. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.3.1359-1365.1975.
Auxotrophic mutants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria perflava were transformed to prototrophy using homologous and heterologous deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Within either species the efficiencies of transformation for nutritional markers were found to be very similar to the values obtained for transformation to streptomycin resistance. The number of transformants in the interspecific N. perflava (donor) - - leads to N. gonorrhoeae (recipient) cross was 100-fold lower than the number obtained in the intraspecific N. gonorrhoeae - - leads to N. gonorrhoeae cross for streptomycin resistance, as well as for several nutritional markers. In the reciprocal experiment the difference in the number of transformants in the interspecific N. gonorrhoeae - - leads to N. perflava cross and the number obtained in the intraspecific N. perflava - - leads to N. perflava cross varied from 600 to 1,000-fold for the streptomycin resistance marker. Of greater interest was the finding that N. perflava auxotrophs, although transformable to prototrophy with wild-type N. perflava DNA, were not transformed to nutritional independence by gnoncoccal DNA. These same mutants were transformable to streptomycin resistance using the heterologous gonococcal DNA. When the DNAs of N. meningitidis, N. flava, and N. lactamicus were used to transform N. gonorrhoeae to prototrophy or streptomycin resistance, the transformation frequencies obtained fell along a gradient that in general reflected taxonomic relationships. On the other hand, with N. perflava as the recipient for these same DNAs, only N. flava DNA could transform auxotrophs to prototrophy, although transformation to streptomycin resistance occurred in all cases. DNA from N. perflava - - leads to N. gonorrheae streptomycin-resistant or Ade+ intergenotic transformants transformed N. gonorrhoeae cells at a 100-fold-higher efficiency than did DNA from N. perflava. Our findings suggest that (i) N. gonorrhoeae and N. perflava are more closely related than hitherto suspected and (ii) N. perflava is more selective with respect to heterologous DNA than is N. gonorrhoeae.
利用同源和异源脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）将淋病奈瑟菌和微黄奈瑟菌的营养缺陷型突变体转化为原养型。在任一物种内，发现营养标记的转化效率与转化为链霉素抗性所获得的值非常相似。在种间微黄奈瑟菌（供体）——淋病奈瑟菌（受体）的杂交中，转化子的数量比种内淋病奈瑟菌——淋病奈瑟菌杂交中获得的链霉素抗性以及几种营养标记的转化子数量低100倍。在反向实验中，种间淋病奈瑟菌——微黄奈瑟菌杂交中转化子的数量与种内微黄奈瑟菌——微黄奈瑟菌杂交中获得的数量之间的差异，对于链霉素抗性标记而言，在600至1000倍之间。更有趣的发现是，微黄奈瑟菌营养缺陷型突变体虽然能用野生型微黄奈瑟菌DNA转化为原养型，但不能被非淋球菌DNA转化为营养自主型。这些相同的突变体能用异源淋病奈瑟菌DNA转化为链霉素抗性。当用脑膜炎奈瑟菌、浅黄奈瑟菌和乳酸奈瑟菌的DNA将淋病奈瑟菌转化为原养型或链霉素抗性时，获得的转化频率沿着一个梯度下降，该梯度总体上反映了分类学关系。另一方面，以微黄奈瑟菌作为这些相同DNA的受体时，只有浅黄奈瑟菌DNA能将营养缺陷型突变体转化为原养型，尽管在所有情况下都发生了向链霉素抗性转化。来自微黄奈瑟菌——淋病奈瑟菌链霉素抗性或腺嘌呤营养缺陷型基因间转化子的DNA转化淋病奈瑟菌细胞的效率比来自微黄奈瑟菌的DNA高100倍。我们的发现表明：（i）淋病奈瑟菌和微黄奈瑟菌的亲缘关系比迄今所怀疑的更为密切；（ii）微黄奈瑟菌对异源DNA的选择性比淋病奈瑟菌更高。
