van der Heide S, de Monchy J G, de Vries K, Bruggink T M, Kauffman H F
Department of Allergology, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994 Feb;93(2):470-5. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(94)90356-5.
Nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness is a fundamental characteristic of patients with asthma and can be influenced by several stimuli. In nine patients with asthma and an isolated allergy to house dust mite, the variation of natural exposure to the house dust mite allergen Der p I and the corresponding changes in nonspecific airway hyperresponsiveness were followed up for 1 year. The concentration of Der p I in floor dust from living rooms and bedrooms (as a measure of exposure) reached maximum levels in late summer and the beginning of autumn (August to October), whereas the lowest levels were found during the months of March to May (delta Der p I = +2.31 micrograms/gm and -1.33 micrograms/gm respectively, both compared with the year average). Airway hyperresponsiveness (as measured by the provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second [PC20] threshold) also showed a seasonal variation, with most severe hyperresponsiveness during the months of August to November, almost the same period in which the exposure to house dust mite allergens reached maximal levels (delta PC20 histamine = -1.47 mg/ml in November vs +1.79 mg/ml in March, both compared with the year average). Our results support the view that seasonal changes of exposure to environmental allergens such as house dust mite allergens will have an effect on the level of airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with allergic asthma.
非特异性气道高反应性是哮喘患者的一个基本特征，并且可受多种刺激因素影响。对9例患有哮喘且仅对屋尘螨过敏的患者，随访其对屋尘螨变应原Der p I自然暴露的变化情况以及非特异性气道高反应性的相应改变，为期1年。客厅和卧室地板灰尘中Der p I的浓度（作为暴露指标）在夏末和初秋（8月至10月）达到最高水平，而在3月至5月期间浓度最低（Der p I变化量分别为+2.31微克/克和 -1.33微克/克，均与年平均值相比）。气道高反应性（通过引起第1秒用力呼气容积下降20%的组胺激发浓度[PC20]阈值来衡量）也呈现季节性变化，在8月至11月期间高反应性最为严重，几乎与暴露于屋尘螨变应原达到最高水平的时期相同（11月组胺PC20变化量为 -1.47毫克/毫升，3月为 +1.79毫克/毫升，均与年平均值相比）。我们的结果支持这样一种观点，即暴露于环境变应原如屋尘螨变应原的季节性变化会对过敏性哮喘患者的气道高反应性水平产生影响。
