Vaernes R J, Bergan T, Lindrup A, Hammerborg D, Warncke M
Norwegian Underwater Technology Center, Bergen.
Adv Space Biol Med. 1993;3:121-37.
Six EMSInauts were confined for 28 days in a hyperbaric chamber complex at a low overpressure. During this period they were repeatedly given four different standard mental performance tests: (1) Operational Test of sustained attention vigilance; (2) short-term memory; (3) visual reaction time; and (4) cognitive evoked brain potentials (N100 and P300). The aim of the study was to determine whether there were any general or specific effects on mental performance during the isolation period. For the simple mental performance tests (operational test and visual reaction time), a distinct learning effect over the 28 days of isolation could be detected. On the more cognitive demanding tasks such as in the short-term memory test, patterns of impairment were found. Of the cognitive evoked brain potentials recorded, the noncognitive N100 wave latency was unchanged throughout the isolation period. The P300 wave latency, related to cognitive functioning, showed lower values in the middle and higher values at the end of the isolation period, compared with the pre-isolation values. Although a few individual, transient impairments of function were noticed in the more demanding tests, it is concluded that the mental performance of the six EMSInauts appeared to remain basically unchanged throughout the isolation phase, both at the group level and the individual level.
六名模拟航天员在一个低压的高压舱设施中被禁闭了28天。在此期间，他们被反复进行四项不同的标准心理性能测试：（1）持续注意力警觉性操作测试；（2）短期记忆；（3）视觉反应时间；以及（4）认知诱发脑电位（N100和P300）。该研究的目的是确定在隔离期间对心理性能是否存在任何一般性或特异性影响。对于简单的心理性能测试（操作测试和视觉反应时间），在28天的隔离期内可以检测到明显的学习效应。在诸如短期记忆测试等对认知要求更高的任务中，发现了功能受损模式。在所记录的认知诱发脑电位中，非认知性的N100波潜伏期在整个隔离期内未发生变化。与隔离前的值相比，与认知功能相关的P300波潜伏期在隔离期中期较低，在隔离期末期较高。尽管在要求更高的测试中注意到了一些个体的、短暂的功能受损情况，但得出的结论是，六名模拟航天员的心理性能在整个隔离阶段在群体水平和个体水平上似乎基本保持不变。
