Myerson J, Wagstaff D, Hale S
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130.
J Gerontol. 1994 Mar;49(2):P72-80. doi: 10.1093/geronj/49.2.p72.
Critics of Brinley plot analyses (e.g., Fisk, Fisher, & Rogers, 1992; Perfect, 1994) claim: (a) that lack of overlap between latencies on different tasks inflates r2 values; (b) that Brinley plots mask task-specific age differences; and (c) that measurement error in young adults' latencies precludes the use of regression techniques with Brinley plot data. We dispute these claims. We show that lack of overlap does not inflate r2 and that the possible presence of task-specific effects in Brinley plot data may be evaluated using standard regression techniques. These techniques are illustrated using data from the Fisk and Rogers (1991) study of visual and memory search. Analysis of their data reveals significant differences between the lexical and nonlexical domains, but not between types of search. Finally, the effect of measurement error on Brinley plot analyses is shown to be small and, if taken into account, leads to increased support for general cognitive slowing.
布林利图分析的批评者（例如，菲斯克、费舍尔和罗杰斯，1992年；珀费克特，1994年）声称：（a）不同任务潜伏期之间缺乏重叠会夸大r2值；（b）布林利图掩盖了特定任务的年龄差异；（c）年轻人潜伏期的测量误差使得无法对布林利图数据使用回归技术。我们对这些说法提出质疑。我们表明，缺乏重叠并不会夸大r2，并且可以使用标准回归技术评估布林利图数据中可能存在的特定任务效应。使用菲斯克和罗杰斯（1991年）关于视觉和记忆搜索研究的数据对这些技术进行了说明。对他们数据的分析揭示了词汇和非词汇领域之间的显著差异，但不同搜索类型之间没有差异。最后，测量误差对布林利图分析的影响被证明很小，如果考虑到这一点，则会增加对一般认知减慢的支持。
