Pandey V S, Chitate F, Nyanzunda T M
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Vet Parasitol. 1993 Dec;51(1-2):99-106. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(93)90200-7.
Monthly individual faecal samples from 12 calves, 12 heifers, 17 steers, 12 lactating and 10 dry cows from the communal lands near Harare in the Mashonaland province of Zimbabwe, were collected over a period of one year. Eggs per gram (epg) were determined and the infective larvae (L3) examined, following culture of pooled samples from each group of animals. The lowest counts were found in steers and the highest in calves. The lactating cows had egg counts as high or higher than the heifers. The general trend of epg was related to the rainfall pattern. The egg counts rose from December to reach a peak during April and May, followed by a decline and low levels during the dry period, from June to December. Cooperia, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum and Strongyloides (in calves only) were identified on coproculture. About 73-83% of L3 belonged to Cooperia and Haemonchus. The high level of infection by nematodes in the communal land cattle was thought to be due to overstocking, overgrazing and poor pasture quality.
在津巴布韦马绍纳兰省哈拉雷附近的公共土地上，从12头犊牛、12头小母牛、17头公牛、12头泌乳母牛和10头干奶母牛中，每月采集个体粪便样本，持续一年时间。测定每克粪便中的虫卵数（epg），并在对每组动物的混合样本进行培养后检查感染性幼虫（L3）。公牛的虫卵数最低，犊牛的最高。泌乳母牛的虫卵数与小母牛的一样高或更高。epg的总体趋势与降雨模式有关。虫卵数从12月开始上升，在4月和5月达到峰值，随后下降，在6月至12月的干旱期处于低水平。在粪便培养中鉴定出了古柏线虫属、血矛线虫属、毛圆线虫属、食道口线虫属和类圆线虫属（仅在犊牛中）。约73 - 83%的L3属于古柏线虫属和血矛线虫属。公共土地上的牛群线虫感染水平高被认为是由于过度放牧、过度拥挤和牧场质量差所致。
