Tuller B, Case P, Ding M, Kelso J A
Center for Complex Systems, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton 33431-0091.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1994 Feb;20(1):3-16. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.20.1.3.
Little is known about the processes underlying the nonlinear relationship between acoustics and speech perception. In Experiment 1, we explored the effects of systematic variation of a single acoustic parameter (silent gap duration between a natural utterance of s and a synthetic vowel ay) on judgements of speech category. The resulting shifts in category boundary between say and stay showed rich dynamics, including hysteresis, contrast, and critical boundary effects. We propose a dynamical model to account for the observed patterns. Experiment 2 evaluated one prediction of the model, that changing the relative stability of the two percepts allows categorical switching. In agreement with the model; an increase in the number of stimulus repetitions maximized the frequency of judgments of category change near the boundary. Thus, a dynamical approach affords the rudiments for a theory of the effects of temporal context on speech categorization.
关于声学与言语感知之间非线性关系背后的过程，我们知之甚少。在实验1中，我们探究了单个声学参数（自然发出的/s/音与合成元音/ay/之间的静音间隙时长）的系统变化对言语类别判断的影响。/say/和/stay/之间类别边界的由此产生的变化呈现出丰富的动态特性，包括滞后现象、对比度和临界边界效应。我们提出了一个动态模型来解释观察到的模式。实验2评估了该模型的一个预测，即改变两种感知的相对稳定性会导致类别切换。与该模型一致的是，刺激重复次数的增加使边界附近类别变化判断的频率最大化。因此，动态方法为时间背景对言语分类影响的理论提供了基础。
