Grant T, Brown Z, Callahan C, Barr H, Streissguth A P
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle.
Obstet Gynecol. 1994 Apr;83(4):524-31. doi: 10.1097/00006250-199404000-00007.
To compare radioimmunoassay of postpartum maternal hair samples with a structured maternal interview for the detection of cocaine use during pregnancy.
Radioimmunoassay of hair samples obtained postpartum was compared with self-report of cocaine use obtained by confidential, structured interviews of 405 postpartum women.
Cocaine or benzoylecgonine was detected in the hair samples of 129 of the 148 women (87%) who reported using cocaine at least once during pregnancy. Thirty-six of 257 women (14%) who reported that they had used no cocaine during pregnancy had positive hair tests. Positive hair assay with negative self-report was significantly more common among women who were unmarried (P = .001), African-American (P < .001), and multiparous (P = .035).
Hair analysis is a valuable complement to maternal self-report by interview. The methods used together provide a useful clinical and research technique yielding a comprehensive estimate of gestational cocaine exposure. Either method alone may result in misclassification of gestational cocaine exposure.
比较产后母亲头发样本的放射免疫分析法与结构化母亲访谈法在检测孕期可卡因使用情况方面的差异。
将产后获得的头发样本的放射免疫分析法与通过对405名产后妇女进行保密的结构化访谈获得的可卡因使用自我报告进行比较。
在148名报告孕期至少使用过一次可卡因的妇女中，有129名（87%）的头发样本检测出可卡因或苯甲酰爱康宁。在257名报告孕期未使用过可卡因的妇女中，有36名（14%）头发检测呈阳性。头发检测呈阳性但自我报告为阴性的情况在未婚妇女（P = 0.001）、非裔美国妇女（P < 0.001）和经产妇（P = 0.035）中更为常见。
头发分析是对母亲访谈自我报告的有价值补充。两种方法结合使用提供了一种有用的临床和研究技术，可对孕期可卡因暴露情况进行全面评估。单独使用任何一种方法都可能导致对孕期可卡因暴露情况的错误分类。
