Myers M G, Brown S A
VA Medical Center, Psychology Service, San Diego, CA 92161.
Pediatrics. 1994 Apr;93(4):561-6.
To examine the prevalence and persistence of cigarette smoking along with health outcomes in a clinical sample of substance-abusing adolescents.
This is a 2-year prospective case series study.
Subjects were recruited from two private, hospital-based inpatient adolescent substance abuse treatment facilities.
A consecutive sample of 166 adolescents, ages 12 to 18, meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed, revised) criteria for substance abuse participated in the present investigation. Of the original sample, 154 and 144 were interviewed 12 and 24 months after discharge, respectively.
Information regarding cigarette smoking, drug and alcohol use, and respiratory problems was based on self-report by the adolescents and was corroborated by parent interview. The prevalence of smoking in this sample of teens immediately before treatment was 85%. Sixty-one percent of the sample smoked 1/2 pack or more/day and 75% were daily smokers. Although prevalence (74 and 77%) and average daily cigarette consumption (11.1 and 10.7 cigarettes daily) decreased at 12 and 24 months after treatment, rates remained very high. Teens reporting posttreatment respiratory problems smoked more, and heavier smokers at the time of treatment were more likely to report respiratory problems at follow-up than lighter smokers.
Substance-abusing teens smoke at rates far and above those of the general adolescent population. Further, these teens appear at increased risk for negative health consequences regardless of posttreatment drug and alcohol use. These findings highlight the importance of preventing adolescent cigarette smoking by substance abuse treatment programs.
在滥用药物的青少年临床样本中，研究吸烟的流行情况、持续情况以及健康后果。
这是一项为期2年的前瞻性病例系列研究。
受试者从两家私立的、以医院为基础的青少年药物滥用住院治疗机构招募。
166名年龄在12至18岁之间、符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（第3版，修订版）药物滥用标准的青少年连续样本参与了本研究。在原始样本中，分别在出院后12个月和24个月对154名和144名青少年进行了访谈。
关于吸烟、药物和酒精使用以及呼吸问题的信息基于青少年的自我报告，并通过家长访谈得到证实。在该青少年样本中，治疗前吸烟的流行率为85%。61%的样本每天吸烟半包或更多，75%为每日吸烟者。尽管治疗后12个月和24个月时流行率（分别为74%和77%）以及平均每日吸烟量（分别为每日11.1支和10.7支）有所下降，但比率仍然很高。报告治疗后有呼吸问题的青少年吸烟更多，治疗时吸烟量较大的青少年在随访时比吸烟量较小的青少年更有可能报告呼吸问题。
滥用药物的青少年吸烟率远高于普通青少年人群。此外，无论治疗后药物和酒精使用情况如何，这些青少年出现负面健康后果的风险似乎都有所增加。这些发现凸显了药物滥用治疗项目预防青少年吸烟的重要性。
