Sandner G, Oberling P, Silveira M C, Di Scala G, Rocha B, Bagri A, Depoortere R
Equipe aversion/anxiété, LNBC, Strasbourg, France.
Behav Brain Res. 1993 Dec 20;58(1-2):9-18. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(93)90086-6.
Aversive behavior is produced by stimulating some brain structures, such as the dorsal periaqueductal gray and the medial hypothalamus. We have used c-fos immunoreactivity to map brain areas which are influenced by stimulation of these two structures. Stimulation was produced in freely moving rats by electrical stimulation or by microinjections of either excitatory amino acids or GABA blocking drugs. Behavior was monitored to detect emotional changes. The effects on labeling induced by the stimulation of either structure were then compared. Structures labeled include the amygdala, the stria terminalis, the supramamillary area, the hypothalamus, the periaqueductal gray, the superior colliculus, the nucleus cuneiformis, and the locus coeruleus. Regardless whether chemical or electrical stimulation was used or the structure stimulated, there was a large overlap among the brain areas labeled. We then compared our results with data from the literature where other methods of inducing aversion have been used, including pain and stress. There was remarkable similarity in the patterning of labeling irrespective of the type of stimulation (central-peripheral, chemical-electrical). There was, however, one interesting difference produced by central vs. peripheral stimulation. Labeling was unilateral in the former case and bilateral in the latter case. Our results suggest that there is a neural substrate that mediates aversive behavior, no matter how it is produced. Nevertheless, that peripheral stimulation produces mainly bilateral activation of this substrate whereas central stimulation produces mainly unilateral activation suggests that natural peripheral stimuli are also integrated at a higher functional level. Future work could be directed toward explicit comparisons of central versus peripheral stimulation to identify the structures involved in higher level integration of aversive behavior.
厌恶行为是通过刺激一些脑结构产生的，如导水管周围灰质背侧和下丘脑内侧。我们利用c-fos免疫反应来绘制受这两种结构刺激影响的脑区图谱。通过电刺激或微量注射兴奋性氨基酸或GABA阻断药物对自由活动的大鼠进行刺激。监测行为以检测情绪变化。然后比较两种结构刺激对标记的影响。标记的结构包括杏仁核、终纹床核、乳头体上区、下丘脑、导水管周围灰质、上丘、楔状核和蓝斑。无论使用化学刺激还是电刺激，也无论刺激的是哪种结构，标记的脑区之间都有很大的重叠。然后我们将结果与文献中的数据进行比较，文献中使用了其他诱导厌恶的方法，包括疼痛和应激。无论刺激类型（中枢-外周、化学-电刺激）如何，标记模式都有显著的相似性。然而，中枢刺激与外周刺激产生了一个有趣的差异。在前一种情况下标记是单侧的，而在后一种情况下是双侧的。我们的结果表明，存在一种介导厌恶行为的神经基质，无论其如何产生。然而，外周刺激主要产生该基质的双侧激活，而中枢刺激主要产生单侧激活，这表明天然外周刺激也在更高的功能水平上进行整合。未来的工作可以针对中枢刺激与外周刺激的明确比较，以确定参与厌恶行为更高水平整合的结构。
