Fombonne E
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Alfred Binet, Paris, France.
Br J Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;164(1):69-79. doi: 10.1192/bjp.164.1.69.
A survey of child psychiatric disorders was conducted in a community sample of 2441 French school-aged children selected from 18 public and private schools; children attending special classes were oversampled. A two-stage survey design was used to identify disorders. Measures were the Child Behavior Checklist and the Rutter teacher scale for screening. The Isle of Wight parental interview was used in the second phase for 217 home interviews, along with the Children Global Assessment Scale as an index of impaired functioning. Response rates were excellent, and non-respondents in the screening phase were shown to have higher levels of psychopathology as gauged by their teacher scale scores. Several weights were used in the analysis to adjust for differential probabilities of selection and participation in each survey phase. The overall prevalence rate among 8-11-year-olds was estimated to be 12.4% (5.9% for more severe disorders), with roughly equal rates of disruptive and emotional disorders (6.5% and 5.9%). Prevalence was higher in boys (15.0%) than in girls (9.5%), owing to a threefold increase in their frequency of conduct disturbances. Rates of disturbance were twice as high among children with special educational needs, while no difference was found between private and public schools. The frequency of behavioural problems appeared to be similar in the urban and semi-rural subsamples.
对从18所公立和私立学校选取的2441名法国学龄儿童的社区样本进行了儿童精神疾病调查；就读特殊班级的儿童被过度抽样。采用两阶段调查设计来识别疾病。测量工具为儿童行为检查表和用于筛查的教师版拉特量表。第二阶段对217名儿童进行了怀特岛家长访谈，并使用儿童总体评定量表作为功能受损指标。回复率很高，筛查阶段未回复者的教师量表得分显示其精神病理学水平更高。分析中使用了几种权重来调整每个调查阶段的选择和参与的不同概率。8至11岁儿童的总体患病率估计为12.4%（重度疾病为5.9%），破坏性行为障碍和情绪障碍的患病率大致相同（分别为6.5%和5.9%）。男孩的患病率（15.0%）高于女孩（9.5%），这是由于他们的品行障碍发生率增加了两倍。有特殊教育需求的儿童中，障碍发生率是普通儿童的两倍，而私立学校和公立学校之间未发现差异。城市和半农村子样本中行为问题的发生率似乎相似。
