Barer B M
University of California, San Francisco.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1994;38(1):29-40. doi: 10.2190/MCH0-VTER-DL6G-LECR.
Gender differences in health, socioeconomic status, and social resources persist into advanced old age and result in variations in life trajectories and responses to the challenges of longevity. The implications of these differences are examined in a sample of 150 community-dwelling white men and women. The majority are women, a high proportion of whom are unmarried, living alone, functionally impaired, and have reduced financial resources. Men, in contrast, have fewer decrements, they are more independent, and they exercise more control over their environment. However, their well-being may be undermined by some unanticipated events such as widowhood, caregiving, and relocation. Case examples illustrate how the timing of life course events differs among men and women and results in differences in the problems they face in late-late life.
健康、社会经济地位和社会资源方面的性别差异一直持续到高龄阶段,并导致生活轨迹以及应对长寿挑战的方式出现差异。在一个由150名居住在社区的白人男性和女性组成的样本中,对这些差异的影响进行了研究。其中大多数是女性,她们中很大一部分未婚、独居、功能受损且经济资源减少。相比之下,男性的衰退较少,他们更独立,对自己的环境有更多掌控。然而,他们的幸福感可能会受到一些意外事件的影响,比如丧偶、照顾他人和搬迁。案例说明了男性和女性人生历程事件的发生时间如何不同,以及如何导致他们在老年后期面临的问题存在差异。