Finkelstein M M
Health and Safety Studies Unit, Ontario Ministry of Labour, Toronto, Canada.
Am J Ind Med. 1994 Feb;25(2):257-66. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700250212.
The Province of Ontario has had a surveillance program for workers in dusty industries for almost 70 years. This paper reports the detection rates of silicosis among 68,701 silica-exposed individuals who were first exposed to dust in 1950 or later, and who were still employed in 1979 or later. The detection rate varied strongly with latency, being less than two new cases per 10,000 examinations during the first two decades from first exposure, reaching two new cases per 1,000 examinations at 27 years from first exposure, and averaging between two and four new cases per 1,000 examinations thereafter. The silicosis incidence rate among miners was only about half that among foundry workers. Cigarette smoking was also found to be a risk factor for the diagnosis of silicosis. These data were used to model the detection rate of new cases of silicosis as a function of the time interval between examinations, and results are presented for examination cycles between 2 and 10 years.
安大略省针对从事粉尘行业的工人开展监测项目已近70年。本文报告了68701名于1950年或之后首次接触粉尘且在1979年或之后仍受雇的接触二氧化硅人员的矽肺病检出率。检出率随潜伏期变化很大，首次接触后的头二十年每10000次检查中新增病例不到2例，首次接触27年后每1000次检查中有2例新增病例，此后每1000次检查中新增病例平均在2至4例之间。矿工中的矽肺病发病率仅约为铸造工人的一半。吸烟也被发现是矽肺病诊断的一个风险因素。这些数据被用于建立矽肺病新病例检出率与检查时间间隔之间函数关系的模型，并给出了2至10年检查周期的结果。
